Practice all 19 Medicine MCQs from previous BCS Preliminary exams.
Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis is found in-
Official key lists Chronic renal failure/RTA, but early stage renal failure or bicarbonate-loss conditions classically cause normal anion gap acidosis.
Acid-Peptic disease include-
Acid peptic diseases include GERD, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and functional (non-ulcer) dyspepsia.
A 45-year-old man has been suffering from cirrhosis of liver due to Hepatitis B Virus; the sign of decompensation of cirrhosis is
Decompensated cirrhosis is defined by the development of clinical complications such as ascites, variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, or jaundice.
Megaloblastic anemia with peripheral neuropathy occur due to deficiency of
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency causes megaloblastic anaemia along with neurological manifestations (subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord / peripheral neuropathy).
Autoimmune disease includes
Acute rheumatic fever is an autoimmune response triggered by cross-reactive antibodies (molecular mimicry) following group A streptococcal pharyngitis.
A 40-year-old man presented at Medicine OPD with recurrent haemoptysis for last 05 years; general examination revealed clubbing. Which one of the following is the most likely diagnosis
Chronic copious purulent sputum, recurrent hemoptysis, and digital clubbing in a middle-aged patient strongly point to Bronchiectasis.
Secondary hypertension is caused by
Conn's syndrome (primary hyperaldosteronism) leads to excess sodium retention and potassium wasting, causing secondary hypertension.
In ECG, which feature is indicative for thrombolytic therapy?
New-onset Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB) in the presence of acute ischemic symptoms is an established STEMI-equivalent indication for immediate reperfusion/thrombolytic therapy.
Which of the following is not a feature of acute type II respiratory failure
In acute type II failure, renal compensation has not yet occurred, so serum bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) remains normal, not increased (increased HCO₃⁻ signifies chronic compensation).
Common feature to all Spondyloarthritis is
A strong genetic association with the HLA-B27 major histocompatibility antigen is shared across all seronegative spondyloarthropathies.
Which of the following is a compelling indication of calcium channel blocker in the management of Hypertension?
Dihydropyridine CCBs are preferred first-line agents in elderly hypertensive patients and isolated systolic hypertension.
A 35-year-old woman presented with palpitation, excessive sweating and heat intolerance for 02 weeks; her serum FT₃ & FT₄ levels were high and TSH level was undetectable; radio iodine uptake of thyroid gland was low. The most likely diagnosis is-
Official answer key listed Graves disease, although low radioiodine uptake with thyrotoxicosis typically occurs in subacute thyroiditis or factitious thyrotoxicosis.
Features of plasma leakage in dengue fever is -
Severe dengue shock syndrome (DSS) presents with plasma leakage leading to hemoconcentration, hypotension, and narrow pulse pressure (≤ 20 mmHg).
Symptom of acute myocardial infarction is-
Dyspnea (shortness of breath), diaphoresis, retrosternal crushing chest pain, and nausea are cardinal symptoms of acute myocardial infarction.
Cerebellar lesion causes
Cerebellar hemispheric lesions classically produce ipsilateral ataxia, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia, nystagmus, and an intention tremor.
ECG changes in hyperkalaemia
The earliest electrocardiographic manifestation of hyperkalemia (serum K⁺ > 5.5 mEq/L) is the appearance of tall, peaked, narrow-based, symmetrical T waves.
Rickets radiology
Radiological signs of active rickets in children include cupping, splaying, fraying, and widening of the metaphysis and growth plate.
Complete lesion of oculomotor nerve causes
Complete 3rd cranial nerve (oculomotor) palsy results in severe ptosis (levator palpebrae superioris paralysis), a dilated fixed pupil (mydriasis), and a 'down-and-out' eye deviation.
In emphysema, pulmonary function test shows
Emphysema causes alveolar septal destruction and loss of elastic recoil, resulting in severe air trapping, elevated residual volume (RV), reduced FEV₁/FVC (< 0.70), and increased Total Lung Capacity (TLC).
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